How to Tell if Foreign Military Surplus is Authentic?

Military surplus items have become increasingly popular among outdoor enthusiasts, survivalists, history buffs, and collectors.

Whether you're looking for rugged gear to withstand harsh conditions or authentic pieces of history, foreign military surplus can offer unparalleled quality and value.

However, as demand has grown, so has the number of counterfeit or mislabeled items entering the market.

Identifying authentic military surplus can be tricky, especially when dealing with foreign goods, but with a little knowledge and keen observation, you can make informed decisions and avoid fakes.

The mission of this guide is to help you identify authentic foreign military surplus by covering key identifiers, signs of authenticity, and tips to avoid common pitfalls when shopping.

Let's begin...

1. What is Military Surplus?

German ECW Bag

Military surplus refers to equipment, clothing, tools, and other goods that are no longer needed by the military and are sold to civilians. These items are often built to rigorous standards to endure combat and harsh conditions, making them ideal for outdoor activities, survival scenarios, and collecting.

Foreign military surplus refers to these same items but sourced from armies outside of your home country. Popular sources include surplus gear from European, Soviet-era, Asian, and South American militaries.

2. Key Identifiers of Authentic Military Surplus

Greek Sleeping Bag

When trying to determine if a foreign military surplus item is genuine, look for these critical identifiers:

a. Contract Numbers and NSNs

The National Stock Number (NSN) or contract number is one of the most reliable indicators of authenticity. Many militaries use standardized numbering systems to track equipment. Look for the following:

• NSN Codes: These numbers are unique to military items and follow a specific format (e.g., 1234-56-789-0123).

• Contract Numbers: Some militaries use contract numbers to indicate the item's origin, production date, and manufacturer.

• Country-Specific Systems: Learn how foreign militaries code their equipment. For example, NATO countries often follow standardized NSN systems.

Example: A genuine British Army surplus jacket may have an NSN label sewn into the collar with details such as manufacturer, size, and date.

b. Military Markings

Authentic military gear will often have distinctive markings, stamps, or logos that identify it as official property of the issuing military. These include:

• Broad Arrow Symbol (UK): A symbol indicating British military property.

• Cyrillic Lettering: Found on Soviet and Russian military gear.

• Eagles or National Symbols: Common on German military items.

• Serial Numbers: Unique numbers issued to gear like firearms, knives, or canteens.

Tip: Research markings specific to the military you are targeting to identify.

c. Quality of Materials and Construction

Authentic military surplus is known for its durability and rugged construction. Key features include:

• Heavy-duty stitching

• High-quality fabric (e.g., cotton canvas, ripstop material)

• Metal hardware (zippers, buttons, buckles) instead of cheap plastic alternatives

• Reinforced seams and stress points

Counterfeit items may use cheaper materials, lightweight fabrics, and flimsy stitching. Pay attention to these details, especially if the gear claims to be combat-grade.

d. Manufacturer Information

Many militaries contract private manufacturers to produce their gear. These manufacturers often leave their marks on the items:

• Manufacturer names or codes on tags

• Stamps with dates and production locations

• Names of well-known military suppliers (e.g., Alpha Industries for US gear)

Check if the manufacturer existed during the relevant time period and has a history of producing military items.

e. Aging and Wear Patterns

Genuine surplus, particularly older gear, will show signs of age and use. While some items are issued but never used, most military surplus will display:

• Fading and Patina: Natural wear on fabrics, metals, and leather over time.

• Scuffs and Repairs: Signs of heavy use in the field, including reinforced patches or stitching.

• Smell: A distinct musty smell is common for older gear stored in warehouses.

Note: Reproductions often look too new or have artificial distressing that lacks authenticity.

3. Common Foreign Surplus Counterfeits and How to Avoid Them

Not all surplus sellers are honest, and counterfeit goods can flood the market. Here are some of the most commonly faked items and how to avoid falling for them:

a. Soviet-Era Gear

Soviet surplus is highly sought after, making it a prime target for counterfeiting. Items like ushankas (fur hats), uniforms, and gas masks are frequently reproduced.

• How to Spot Fakes: Genuine Soviet gear often has Cyrillic markings, production stamps, and heavy materials.

• Tip: Study Soviet military history to identify which uniforms or gear correspond to specific eras.

b. German WWII Surplus

German World War II gear, such as helmets, knives, and uniforms, is heavily faked due to its high value among collectors.

• How to Spot Fakes: Look for authentic Waffenamt (German military property stamps), aging that matches the item’s claimed age, and manufacturer codes.

• Tip: Many reproductions come from countries like China or India. Check the source carefully.

c. British Gear

British surplus like webbing, combat smocks, and boots can be counterfeited but often lacks the broad arrow mark.

• How to Spot Fakes: Look for the broad arrow, NSNs, and rugged construction.

4. Tips and Tricks for Authenticating Foreign Surplus

Here are some additional tips to ensure you’re getting genuine foreign military surplus:

a. Research Before You Buy

Before purchasing, research the surplus you are targeting:

• Learn about the military’s equipment standards, markings, and numbering systems.

• Familiarize yourself with common manufacturers used by foreign militaries.

b. Ask for Provenance

Provenance refers to the documented history of an item. Reputable sellers should provide details such as:

• Where the item came from (e.g., specific army surplus auctions)

• Dates of production and issue

• Manufacturer information

c. Use Reference Books and Online Resources

Invest in reference books and online guides that detail military surplus gear. Books often include photos, descriptions, and identifying features of genuine items.

d. Compare with Known Originals

If possible, compare the item to verified examples of genuine military surplus. Pay attention to details such as:

• Stitching patterns

• Materials

• Markings and stamps

5. Avoiding Pitfalls When Shopping for Surplus

Here are some common mistakes to avoid when purchasing foreign military surplus:

• Assuming Low Price Means Fake: Genuine surplus can often be inexpensive, particularly if the military is offloading large quantities.

• Ignoring Wear and Tear: Some buyers assume used gear is fake, but aging is often a sign of authenticity.

• Falling for Keywords: Phrases like "military-style," "replica," or "tactical" often indicate reproductions rather than genuine surplus.

6. Why Authentic Military Surplus Matters

Authentic foreign military surplus offers real value beyond its appearance:

• Durability: Built to withstand combat and harsh conditions, making it ideal for outdoor activities.

• Historical Value: Genuine surplus is a piece of history, preserving the story of the military it came from.

• Cost-Effective: High-quality gear often costs less than modern alternatives.

Whether you’re using it for bushcraft, survival scenarios, or collecting, knowing you have the real deal enhances its usefulness and value.

Final Thoughts

Buying authentic foreign military surplus requires knowledge, attention to detail, and research.

By looking for key identifiers such as NSNs, military markings, and quality construction, you can confidently identify genuine items and avoid fakes.

Take time to study surplus gear from the military you are targeting, and always buy from reputable sellers who provide provenance and detailed descriptions.

Remember, genuine military surplus isn’t just gear; it’s a connection to history and a testament to rugged, time-tested design.

With these tips and tricks, you’re well-equipped to make informed purchases and enjoy the value of authentic foreign military surplus for years to come.